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The Sterkfontein Dam, located just outside the town of Harrismith, in the Free State, province of South Africa, is part of the Tugela-Vaal Water Project, and located on the Nuwejaarspruit, a tributary of the Wilge River in the upper catchment area of the Vaal River.〔(Upper Vaal WMA 8 )〕 ==Characteristics== The dam receives its water via the Tugela-Vaal Project which is a pumped-storage scheme involving the net transfer of up to of water from KwaZulu-Natal. This is stored in the Sterkfontein Dam and released to the Vaal Dam via the Wilge River when needed. The Sterkfontein Dam is a highly effective reservoir, since it has the depth to store a large amount of water, with very little loss to evaporation. The Vaal Dam lake (reservoir) by comparison has a large surface area and is relatively shallow, which results in a higher rate of evaporation. The Sterkfontein Dam was originally commissioned in 1977 and comprised a high earthfill embankment long with no spillway. It was subsequently raised in 1980 to its current height of with a crest length of and a full supply capacity of . At full supply, it has a surface area of no more than 70 km2. The extended dam was commissioned in 1980, and has a capacity of , with a surface area of only , the dam wall is high. The dam wall contains of material making it the largest dam wall in South Africa with regard to volume, while the reservoir formed by the dam is the third largest in the country. The dam mainly serves for domestic and industrial use and its hazard potential has been ranked high (3). The Driekloof Dam next to it, is regarded as a separated dam and reservoir, and is not included in the above figures. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Sterkfontein Dam」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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